- Published on
Best React Js Cheat Sheet 2022 - PDF Download
- Authors
- Name
- Harendra Kumar Kanojiya
- @harendraverma2
Table of contents:
- Components
- Defaults
- Other components
- Lifecycle
- Hooks (New)
- DOM nodes
- Other features
- JSX patterns
- New features
- Property validation
- Download Pdf File
Components
Components
import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
class Hello extends React.Component {
render() {
return <div className="message-box">Hello {this.props.name}</div>;
}
}
const el = document.body;
ReactDOM.render(<Hello name="John" />, el);
Use the React.js jsfiddle to start hacking. (or the unofficial jsbin)
Import multiple exports
import React, { Component } from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
class Hello extends Component {
...
}
Properties
<video fullscreen="{true}" autoplay="{false}" />
render () {
this.props.fullscreen
const { fullscreen, autoplay } = this.props
···
}
Use this.props
to access properties passed to the component.
See: Properties
States
constructor(props) {
super(props)
this.state = { username: undefined }
}
this.setState({ username: 'rstacruz' });
render () {
this.state.username
const { username } = this.state
···
}
Use states (this.state
) to manage dynamic data.
With Babel you can use proposal-class-fields and get rid of constructor
class Hello extends Component {
state = { username: undefined };
...
}
See: States
Nesting
class Info extends Component {
render() {
const { avatar, username } = this.props;
return (
<div>
<UserAvatar src={avatar} />
<UserProfile username={username} />
</div>
);
}
}
As of React v16.2.0, fragments can be used to return multiple children without adding extra wrapping nodes to the DOM.
import React, { Component, Fragment } from 'react';
class Info extends Component {
render() {
const { avatar, username } = this.props;
return (
<Fragment>
<UserAvatar src={avatar} />
<UserProfile username={username} />
</Fragment>
);
}
}
Nest components to separate concerns.
See: Composing Components
Children
<AlertBox>
<h1>You have pending notifications</h1>
</AlertBox>
class AlertBox extends Component {
render() {
return <div className="alert-box">{this.props.children}</div>;
}
}
Children are passed as the children
property.
Defaults
Setting default props
Hello.defaultProps = {
color: 'blue',
};
See: defaultProps
Setting default state
class Hello extends Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = { visible: true };
}
}
Set the default state in the constructor()
.
And without constructor using Babel with proposal-class-fields.
class Hello extends Component {
state = { visible: true };
}
See: Setting the default state
Other components
Functional components
function MyComponent({ name }) {
return <div className="message-box">Hello {name}</div>;
}
Functional components have no state. Also, their props
are passed as the first parameter to a function.
See: Function and Class Components
Pure components
import React, {PureComponent} from 'react'
class MessageBox extends PureComponent {
···
}
Performance-optimized version of React.Component
. Doesn't rerender if props/state hasn't changed.
See: Pure components
Component API
this.forceUpdate();
this.setState({ ... })
this.setState(state => { ... })
this.state;
this.props;
These methods and properties are available for Component
instances.
See: Component API
Lifecycle
Mounting
Method | Description |
---|---|
constructor (props) | Before rendering # |
componentWillMount() | Don't use this # |
render() | Render # |
componentDidMount() | After rendering (DOM available) # |
--- | --- |
componentWillUnmount() | Before DOM removal # |
--- | --- |
componentDidCatch() | Catch errors (16+) # |
Set initial the state on constructor()
.
Add DOM event handlers, timers (etc) on componentDidMount()
, then remove them on componentWillUnmount()
.
Updating
Method | Description |
---|---|
componentDidUpdate (prevProps, prevState, snapshot) | Use setState() here, but remember to compare props |
shouldComponentUpdate (newProps, newState) | Skips render() if returns false |
render() | Render |
componentDidUpdate (prevProps, prevState) | Operate on the DOM here |
Called when parents change properties and .setState()
. These are not called for initial renders.
See: Component specs
Hooks (New)
State Hook
import React, { useState } from 'react';
function Example() {
// Declare a new state variable, which we'll call "count"
const [count, setCount] = useState(0);
return (
<div>
<p>You clicked {count} times</p>
<button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>Click me</button>
</div>
);
}
Hooks are a new addition in React 16.8.
See: Hooks at a Glance
Declaring multiple state variables
function ExampleWithManyStates() {
// Declare multiple state variables!
const [age, setAge] = useState(42);
const [fruit, setFruit] = useState('banana');
const [todos, setTodos] = useState([{ text: 'Learn Hooks' }]);
// ...
}
Effect hook
import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
function Example() {
const [count, setCount] = useState(0);
// Similar to componentDidMount and componentDidUpdate:
useEffect(() => {
// Update the document title using the browser API
document.title = `You clicked ${count} times`;
}, [count]);
return (
<div>
<p>You clicked {count} times</p>
<button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>Click me</button>
</div>
);
}
If you’re familiar with React class lifecycle methods, you can think of useEffect
Hook as componentDidMount
, componentDidUpdate
, and componentWillUnmount
combined.
By default, React runs the effects after every render — including the first render.
Building your own hooks
Define FriendStatus
import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
function FriendStatus(props) {
const [isOnline, setIsOnline] = useState(null);
useEffect(() => {
function handleStatusChange(status) {
setIsOnline(status.isOnline);
}
ChatAPI.subscribeToFriendStatus(props.friend.id, handleStatusChange);
return () => {
ChatAPI.unsubscribeFromFriendStatus(props.friend.id, handleStatusChange);
};
}, [props.friend.id]);
if (isOnline === null) {
return 'Loading...';
}
return isOnline ? 'Online' : 'Offline';
}
Effects may also optionally specify how to “clean up” after them by returning a function.
Use FriendStatus
function FriendStatus(props) {
const isOnline = useFriendStatus(props.friend.id);
if (isOnline === null) {
return 'Loading...';
}
return isOnline ? 'Online' : 'Offline';
}
Hooks API Reference
Also see: Hooks FAQ
Basic Hooks
Hook | Description |
---|---|
useState (initialState) | |
useEffect (() => ) | |
useContext (MyContext) | value returned from React.createContext |
Full details: Basic Hooks
Additional Hooks
Hook | Description |
---|---|
useReducer (reducer, initialArg, init) | |
useCallback (() => ) | |
useMemo (() => ) | |
useRef (initialValue) | |
useImperativeHandle (ref, () => ) | |
useLayoutEffect | identical to useEffect , but it fires synchronously after all DOM mutations |
useDebugValue (value) | display a label for custom hooks in React DevTools |
Full details: Additional Hooks
DOM nodes
References
class MyComponent extends Component {
render() {
return (
<div>
<input ref={(el) => (this.input = el)} />
</div>
);
}
componentDidMount() {
this.input.focus();
}
}
Allows access to DOM nodes.
See: Refs and the DOM
DOM Events
class MyComponent extends Component {
render() {
<input type="text" value={this.state.value} onChange={(event) => this.onChange(event)} />;
}
onChange(event) {
this.setState({ value: event.target.value });
}
}
Pass functions to attributes like onChange
.
See: Events
Other features
Transferring props
<VideoPlayer src="video.mp4" />
class VideoPlayer extends Component {
render() {
return <VideoEmbed {...this.props} />;
}
}
Propagates src="..."
down to the sub-component.
Top-level API
React.createClass({ ... })
React.isValidElement(c)
ReactDOM.render(<Component />, domnode, [callback]);
ReactDOM.unmountComponentAtNode(domnode);
ReactDOMServer.renderToString(<Component />);
ReactDOMServer.renderToStaticMarkup(<Component />);
There are more, but these are most common.
See: React top-level API
JSX patterns
Style shorthand
const style = { height: 10 };
return <div style={style}></div>;
return <div style={{ margin: 0, padding: 0 }}></div>;
See: Inline styles
Inner HTML
function markdownify() {
return '<p>...</p>';
}
<div dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: markdownify() }} />;
See: Dangerously set innerHTML
Lists
class TodoList extends Component {
render() {
const { items } = this.props;
return (
<ul>
{items.map((item) => (
<TodoItem item={item} key={item.key} />
))}
</ul>
);
}
}
Always supply a key
property.
Conditionals
<Fragment>{showMyComponent ? <MyComponent /> : <OtherComponent />}</Fragment>
Short-circuit evaluation
<Fragment>
{showPopup && <Popup />}
...
</Fragment>
New features
Returning multiple elements
You can return multiple elements as arrays or fragments.
Arrays
render () {
// Don't forget the keys!
return [
<li key="A">First item</li>,
<li key="B">Second item</li>
]
}
Fragments
render () {
// Fragments don't require keys!
return (
<Fragment>
<li>First item</li>
<li>Second item</li>
</Fragment>
)
}
Returning strings
render() {
return 'Look ma, no spans!';
}
You can return just a string.
Errors
class MyComponent extends Component {
···
componentDidCatch (error, info) {
this.setState({ error })
}
}
Catch errors via componentDidCatch
. (React 16+)
See: Error handling in React 16
Portals
render () {
return React.createPortal(
this.props.children,
document.getElementById('menu')
)
}
This renders this.props.children
into any location in the DOM.
See: Portals
Hydration
const el = document.getElementById('app');
ReactDOM.hydrate(<App />, el);
Use ReactDOM.hydrate
instead of using ReactDOM.render
if you're rendering over the output of ReactDOMServer.
See: Hydrate
Property validation
PropTypes
import PropTypes from 'prop-types';
See: Typechecking with PropTypes
Key | Description |
---|---|
any | Anything |
Basic
Key | Description |
---|---|
string | |
number | |
func | Function |
bool | True or false |
Enum
Key | Description |
---|---|
oneOf (any) | Enum types |
oneOfType (type array) | Union |
Array
Key | Description |
---|---|
array | |
arrayOf (...) |
Object
Key | Description |
---|---|
object | |
objectOf (...) | Object with values of a certain type |
instanceOf (...) | Instance of a class |
shape (...) |
Elements
Key | Description |
---|---|
element | React element |
node | DOM node |
Required
Key | Description |
---|---|
(···).isRequired | Required |
Basic types
MyComponent.propTypes = {
email: PropTypes.string,
seats: PropTypes.number,
callback: PropTypes.func,
isClosed: PropTypes.bool,
any: PropTypes.any,
};
Required types
MyCo.propTypes = {
name: PropTypes.string.isRequired,
};
Elements
MyCo.propTypes = {
// React element
element: PropTypes.element,
// num, string, element, or an array of those
node: PropTypes.node,
};
Enumerables (oneOf)
MyCo.propTypes = {
direction: PropTypes.oneOf(['left', 'right']),
};
Arrays and objects
MyCo.propTypes = {
list: PropTypes.array,
ages: PropTypes.arrayOf(PropTypes.number),
user: PropTypes.object,
user: PropTypes.objectOf(PropTypes.number),
message: PropTypes.instanceOf(Message),
};
MyCo.propTypes = {
user: PropTypes.shape({
name: PropTypes.string,
age: PropTypes.number,
}),
};
Use .array[Of]
, .object[Of]
, .instanceOf
, .shape
.
Custom validation
MyCo.propTypes = {
customProp: (props, key, componentName) => {
if (!/matchme/.test(props[key])) {
return new Error('Validation failed!');
}
},
};